Vaccines are biological preparations that help to provide immunity against infectious diseases. They work by introducing a weakened or dead form of a disease-causing organism, or a piece of its genetic material, into the body. This triggers an immune response, which helps the body recognize and remember the pathogen if it infects the body again in the future. As a result, the body can quickly produce an immune response, which helps to prevent the disease from developing or reduces its severity.
Vaccines are enhanced by adjuvants designed using computers.
A Chinese research team has made a breakthrough in vaccine development by using computer-aided molecular design and machine learning to create two innovative adjuvants, which are substances added to vaccines to enhance the immune response. These adjuvants, as reported in the journal Angewandte Chemie, have broad-spectrum capabilities and have been shown to significantly amplify the immune response to vaccines, leading to improved immunization against certain forms of cancer in animal models.
Adjuvants play a crucial role in enhancing and prolonging the impact of vaccine immunizations. For many years, aluminum salts have proven to be effective adjuvants. Another option is oil-in-water emulsions that stimulate pattern recognition receptors on immune cells. However, earlier versions of this type of adjuvant suffered from low efficacy or unpleasant side effects. The latest versions are both effective and well-tolerated but need to be tailored for every individual vaccine.
By using computer-aided molecular design and machine learning, Bing Yan, Sijin Liu, and their team at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and the Capital Medical University in Beijing, as well as the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and Hangzhou, the Shandong First Medical University & Shandong
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