NEW YORK — Four prominent U.S. human rights organizations sued the Trump administration Tuesday, arguing that its sweeping sanctions against the International Criminal Court illegally interfere with efforts to investigate genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Human Rights Watch, the Open Society Institute, American Friends Service Committee and Center for Constitutional Rights filed the case in federal court in New York. They are challenging President Donald Trump’s 2025 executive order authorizing sanctions against ICC judges, prosecutors and organizations assisting investigations involving U.S. or Israeli officials.
The groups say the sanctions have forced them to curtail legal representation, research and advocacy because assisting sanctioned ICC personnel can expose Americans to severe financial and criminal penalties. Their lawsuit argues that the policy violates constitutional protections for speech and association and exceeds presidential authority.
The administration escalated its campaign after the ICC issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has since pressed other nations to isolate the court, while Trump has said the effort is intended to protect Netanyahu and others from prosecution.
The United States and Israel are not ICC members and reject its jurisdiction over their nationals. The court maintains that it can prosecute crimes committed on the territory of member states regardless of the accused person’s nationality.
The lawsuit follows several other challenges to the sanctions, including cases brought by ICC judges and Palestinian advocacy groups. A federal judge previously blocked sanctions against U.N. expert Francesca Albanese after finding she was likely to succeed on a free-speech claim.
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