BRUSSELS, BELGIUM — Confidence in the United States as a reliable security partner has fallen to historic lows across Europe, according to a new survey released by the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) ahead of upcoming G7 and NATO summits.
The survey, conducted in May across 15 European countries, found that only 11% of respondents now consider the United States an ally. That figure has declined from 16% six months ago and 22% in late 2024. Most respondents instead described the U.S. as a “necessary partner,” while smaller percentages viewed it as a rival or adversary.
Researchers said concerns stem from President Donald Trump’s foreign policy positions, including tariff disputes, criticism of NATO, suggestions of reducing U.S. troop deployments in Europe, and statements regarding Greenland. The report also cited growing uncertainty about the future of America’s security commitments on the continent.
Majorities in every country surveyed said they were not confident the United States would come to their defense if attacked. At the same time, respondents expressed increasing confidence that neighboring European countries would provide assistance during a crisis.
Support for greater European defense spending also increased. On average, Europeans were more likely than last year to support higher military budgets and collective European borrowing to strengthen defense capabilities. Many respondents also favored reducing dependence on U.S.-made military equipment and expanding Europe’s own defense industry.
Despite concerns about current transatlantic relations, most respondents said they believe relations between Europe and the United States will improve after Trump leaves office. The survey also found continued opposition to resuming large-scale Russian energy imports and mixed views regarding Ukraine’s eventual membership in the European Union.
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