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Arizona state representative Alexander Kolodin, a Republican, utilized an AI chatbot, ChatGPT, to write part of a new law regulating deepfakes in elections. The bill, passed unanimously in both chambers and signed by the Democratic governor, allows candidates or residents to request a judge’s ruling on whether a supposed deepfake is real. Kolodin used ChatGPT to define “digital impersonation,” finding the AI tool helpful for technical terminology.

Kolodin said he used ChatGPT for the definition because he is not a computer scientist. He provided a screenshot showing ChatGPT’s response, which closely mirrors the bill’s language. He then added human rights protections to exclude comedy, satire, criticism, and artistic expression.

The federal government has yet to regulate AI in elections, though the Federal Election Commission is expected to address the issue this summer. The Federal Communications Commission is also considering disclaimers for AI-generated content in political ads.

Kolodin’s bill differs from other states by providing a legal mechanism to challenge deepfakes rather than banning or curbing their use. The bill allows courts to declare a deepfake’s authenticity and potentially remove harmful content, such as sexual depictions of non-public figures.

Kolodin’s bill also handles disclaimers uniquely, stating that a court case is invalid if the publisher indicates the content is a deepfake or if it’s obvious to a reasonable person.

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